Add WebAuthn as an alternative 2FA method (#14466)

* feat: add possibility of adding WebAuthn security keys to use as 2FA

This adds a basic UI for enabling WebAuthn 2FA. We did a little refactor
to the Settings page for editing the 2FA methods – now it will list the
methods that are available to the user (TOTP and WebAuthn) and from
there they'll be able to add or remove any of them.
Also, it's worth mentioning that for enabling WebAuthn it's required to
have TOTP enabled, so the first time that you go to the 2FA Settings
page, you'll be asked to set it up.
This work was inspired by the one donde by Github in their platform, and
despite it could be approached in different ways, we decided to go with
this one given that we feel that this gives a great UX.

Co-authored-by: Facundo Padula <facundo.padula@cedarcode.com>

* feat: add request for WebAuthn as second factor at login if enabled

This commits adds the feature for using WebAuthn as a second factor for
login when enabled.
If users have WebAuthn enabled, now a page requesting for the use of a
WebAuthn credential for log in will appear, although a link redirecting
to the old page for logging in using a two-factor code will also be
present.

Co-authored-by: Facundo Padula <facundo.padula@cedarcode.com>

* feat: add possibility of deleting WebAuthn Credentials

Co-authored-by: Facundo Padula <facundo.padula@cedarcode.com>

* feat: disable WebAuthn when an Admin disables 2FA for a user

Co-authored-by: Facundo Padula <facundo.padula@cedarcode.com>

* feat: remove ability to disable TOTP leaving only WebAuthn as 2FA

Following examples form other platforms like Github, we decided to make
Webauthn 2FA secondary to 2FA with TOTP, so that we removed the
possibility of removing TOTP authentication only, leaving users with
just WEbAuthn as 2FA. Instead, users will have to click on 'Disable 2FA'
in order to remove second factor auth.
The reason for WebAuthn being secondary to TOPT is that in that way,
users will still be able to log in using their code from their phone's
application if they don't have their security keys with them – or maybe
even lost them.

* We had to change a little the flow for setting up TOTP, given that now
  it's possible to setting up again if you already had TOTP, in order to
  let users modify their authenticator app – given that now it's not
  possible for them to disable TOTP and set it up again with another
  authenticator app.
  So, basically, now instead of storing the new `otp_secret` in the
  user, we store it in the session until the process of set up is
  finished.
  This was because, as it was before, when users clicked on 'Edit' in
  the new two-factor methods lists page, but then went back without
  finishing the flow, their `otp_secret` had been changed therefore
  invalidating their previous authenticator app, making them unable to
  log in again using TOTP.

Co-authored-by: Facundo Padula <facundo.padula@cedarcode.com>

* refactor: fix eslint errors

The PR build was failing given that linting returning some errors.
This commit attempts to fix them.

* refactor: normalize i18n translations

The build was failing given that i18n translations files were not
normalized.
This commits fixes that.

* refactor: avoid having the webauthn gem locked to a specific version

* refactor: use symbols for routes without '/'

* refactor: avoid sending webauthn disabled email when 2FA is disabled

When an admins disable 2FA for users, we were sending two mails
to them, one notifying that 2FA was disabled and the other to notify
that WebAuthn was disabled.
As the second one is redundant since the first email includes it, we can
remove it and send just one email to users.

* refactor: avoid creating new env variable for webauthn_origin config

* refactor: improve flash error messages for webauthn pages

Co-authored-by: Facundo Padula <facundo.padula@cedarcode.com>

11 files changed, 866 insertions, 250 deletions

diff --git a/spec/controllers/admin/two_factor_authentications_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/admin/two_factor_authentications_controller_spec.rb
index 4c1aa88d7..b0e82d3d6 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/admin/two_factor_authentications_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/admin/two_factor_authentications_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,20 +1,51 @@
 require 'rails_helper'
+require 'webauthn/fake_client'
 
 describe Admin::TwoFactorAuthenticationsController do
   render_views
 
-  let(:user) { Fabricate(:user, otp_required_for_login: true) }
+  let(:user) { Fabricate(:user) }
   before do
     sign_in Fabricate(:user, admin: true), scope: :user
   end
 
   describe 'DELETE #destroy' do
-    it 'redirects to admin accounts page' do
-      delete :destroy, params: { user_id: user.id }
+    context 'when user has OTP enabled' do
+      before do
+        user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
+      end
 
-      user.reload
-      expect(user.otp_required_for_login).to eq false
-      expect(response).to redirect_to(admin_accounts_path)
+      it 'redirects to admin accounts page' do
+        delete :destroy, params: { user_id: user.id }
+
+        user.reload
+        expect(user.otp_enabled?).to eq false
+        expect(response).to redirect_to(admin_accounts_path)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when user has OTP and WebAuthn enabled' do
+      let(:fake_client) { WebAuthn::FakeClient.new('http://test.host') }
+
+      before do
+        user.update(otp_required_for_login: true, webauthn_id: WebAuthn.generate_user_id)
+
+        public_key_credential = WebAuthn::Credential.from_create(fake_client.create)
+        Fabricate(:webauthn_credential,
+                  user_id: user.id,
+                  external_id: public_key_credential.id,
+                  public_key: public_key_credential.public_key,
+                  nickname: 'Security Key')
+      end
+
+      it 'redirects to admin accounts page' do
+        delete :destroy, params: { user_id: user.id }
+
+        user.reload
+        expect(user.otp_enabled?).to eq false
+        expect(user.webauthn_enabled?).to eq false
+        expect(response).to redirect_to(admin_accounts_path)
+      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/controllers/auth/sessions_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/auth/sessions_controller_spec.rb
index c387842cd..8ad9e74fc 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/auth/sessions_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/auth/sessions_controller_spec.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 require 'rails_helper'
+require 'webauthn/fake_client'
 
 RSpec.describe Auth::SessionsController, type: :controller do
   render_views
@@ -183,90 +184,170 @@ RSpec.describe Auth::SessionsController, type: :controller do
     end
 
     context 'using two-factor authentication' do
-      let!(:user) do
-        Fabricate(:user, email: 'x@y.com', password: 'abcdefgh', otp_required_for_login: true, otp_secret: User.generate_otp_secret(32))
-      end
-
-      let!(:recovery_codes) do
-        codes = user.generate_otp_backup_codes!
-        user.save
-        return codes
-      end
-
-      context 'using email and password' do
-        before do
-          post :create, params: { user: { email: user.email, password: user.password } }
+      context 'with OTP enabled as second factor' do
+        let!(:user) do
+          Fabricate(:user, email: 'x@y.com', password: 'abcdefgh', otp_required_for_login: true, otp_secret: User.generate_otp_secret(32))
         end
 
-        it 'renders two factor authentication page' do
-          expect(controller).to render_template("two_factor")
+        let!(:recovery_codes) do
+          codes = user.generate_otp_backup_codes!
+          user.save
+          return codes
         end
-      end
 
-      context 'using upcase email and password' do
-        before do
-          post :create, params: { user: { email: user.email.upcase, password: user.password } }
-        end
+        context 'using email and password' do
+          before do
+            post :create, params: { user: { email: user.email, password: user.password } }
+          end
 
-        it 'renders two factor authentication page' do
-          expect(controller).to render_template("two_factor")
+          it 'renders two factor authentication page' do
+            expect(controller).to render_template("two_factor")
+            expect(controller).to render_template(partial: "_otp_authentication_form")
+          end
         end
-      end
 
-      context 'using a valid OTP' do
-        before do
-          post :create, params: { user: { otp_attempt: user.current_otp } }, session: { attempt_user_id: user.id }
-        end
+        context 'using upcase email and password' do
+          before do
+            post :create, params: { user: { email: user.email.upcase, password: user.password } }
+          end
 
-        it 'redirects to home' do
-          expect(response).to redirect_to(root_path)
+          it 'renders two factor authentication page' do
+            expect(controller).to render_template("two_factor")
+            expect(controller).to render_template(partial: "_otp_authentication_form")
+          end
         end
 
-        it 'logs the user in' do
-          expect(controller.current_user).to eq user
+        context 'using a valid OTP' do
+          before do
+            post :create, params: { user: { otp_attempt: user.current_otp } }, session: { attempt_user_id: user.id }
+          end
+
+          it 'redirects to home' do
+            expect(response).to redirect_to(root_path)
+          end
+
+          it 'logs the user in' do
+            expect(controller.current_user).to eq user
+          end
         end
-      end
 
-      context 'when the server has an decryption error' do
-        before do
-          allow_any_instance_of(User).to receive(:validate_and_consume_otp!).and_raise(OpenSSL::Cipher::CipherError)
-          post :create, params: { user: { otp_attempt: user.current_otp } }, session: { attempt_user_id: user.id }
+        context 'when the server has an decryption error' do
+          before do
+            allow_any_instance_of(User).to receive(:validate_and_consume_otp!).and_raise(OpenSSL::Cipher::CipherError)
+            post :create, params: { user: { otp_attempt: user.current_otp } }, session: { attempt_user_id: user.id }
+          end
+
+          it 'shows a login error' do
+            expect(flash[:alert]).to match I18n.t('users.invalid_otp_token')
+          end
+
+          it "doesn't log the user in" do
+            expect(controller.current_user).to be_nil
+          end
         end
 
-        it 'shows a login error' do
-          expect(flash[:alert]).to match I18n.t('users.invalid_otp_token')
+        context 'using a valid recovery code' do
+          before do
+            post :create, params: { user: { otp_attempt: recovery_codes.first } }, session: { attempt_user_id: user.id }
+          end
+
+          it 'redirects to home' do
+            expect(response).to redirect_to(root_path)
+          end
+
+          it 'logs the user in' do
+            expect(controller.current_user).to eq user
+          end
         end
 
-        it "doesn't log the user in" do
-          expect(controller.current_user).to be_nil
+        context 'using an invalid OTP' do
+          before do
+            post :create, params: { user: { otp_attempt: 'wrongotp' } }, session: { attempt_user_id: user.id }
+          end
+
+          it 'shows a login error' do
+            expect(flash[:alert]).to match I18n.t('users.invalid_otp_token')
+          end
+
+          it "doesn't log the user in" do
+            expect(controller.current_user).to be_nil
+          end
         end
       end
 
-      context 'using a valid recovery code' do
-        before do
-          post :create, params: { user: { otp_attempt: recovery_codes.first } }, session: { attempt_user_id: user.id }
+      context 'with WebAuthn and OTP enabled as second factor' do
+        let!(:user) do
+          Fabricate(:user, email: 'x@y.com', password: 'abcdefgh', otp_required_for_login: true, otp_secret: User.generate_otp_secret(32))
         end
 
-        it 'redirects to home' do
-          expect(response).to redirect_to(root_path)
+        let!(:recovery_codes) do
+          codes = user.generate_otp_backup_codes!
+          user.save
+          return codes
         end
 
-        it 'logs the user in' do
-          expect(controller.current_user).to eq user
+        let!(:webauthn_credential) do
+          user.update(webauthn_id: WebAuthn.generate_user_id)
+          public_key_credential = WebAuthn::Credential.from_create(fake_client.create)
+          user.webauthn_credentials.create(
+            nickname: 'SecurityKeyNickname',
+            external_id: public_key_credential.id,
+            public_key: public_key_credential.public_key,
+            sign_count: '1000'
+           )
+          user.webauthn_credentials.take
         end
-      end
 
-      context 'using an invalid OTP' do
-        before do
-          post :create, params: { user: { otp_attempt: 'wrongotp' } }, session: { attempt_user_id: user.id }
+        let(:domain) { "#{Rails.configuration.x.use_https ? 'https' : 'http' }://#{Rails.configuration.x.web_domain}" }
+
+        let(:fake_client) { WebAuthn::FakeClient.new(domain) }
+
+        let(:challenge) { WebAuthn::Credential.options_for_get.challenge }
+
+        let(:sign_count) { 1234 }
+
+        let(:fake_credential) { fake_client.get(challenge: challenge, sign_count: sign_count) }
+
+        context 'using email and password' do
+          before do
+            post :create, params: { user: { email: user.email, password: user.password } }
+          end
+
+          it 'renders webauthn authentication page' do
+            expect(controller).to render_template("two_factor")
+            expect(controller).to render_template(partial: "_webauthn_form")
+          end
         end
 
-        it 'shows a login error' do
-          expect(flash[:alert]).to match I18n.t('users.invalid_otp_token')
+        context 'using upcase email and password' do
+          before do
+            post :create, params: { user: { email: user.email.upcase, password: user.password } }
+          end
+
+          it 'renders webauthn authentication page' do
+            expect(controller).to render_template("two_factor")
+            expect(controller).to render_template(partial: "_webauthn_form")
+          end
         end
 
-        it "doesn't log the user in" do
-          expect(controller.current_user).to be_nil
+        context 'using a valid webauthn credential' do
+          before do
+            @controller.session[:webauthn_challenge] = challenge
+
+            post :create, params: { user: { credential: fake_credential } }, session: { attempt_user_id: user.id }
+          end
+
+          it 'instructs the browser to redirect to home' do
+            expect(body_as_json[:redirect_path]).to eq(root_path)
+          end
+
+          it 'logs the user in' do
+            expect(controller.current_user).to eq user
+          end
+
+          it 'updates the sign count' do
+            expect(webauthn_credential.reload.sign_count).to eq(sign_count)
+          end
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/confirmations_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/confirmations_controller_spec.rb
index 336f13127..cdfeef8d6 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/confirmations_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/confirmations_controller_spec.rb
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ require 'rails_helper'
 describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthentication::ConfirmationsController do
   render_views
 
-  let(:user) { Fabricate(:user, email: 'local-part@domain', otp_secret: 'thisisasecretforthespecofnewview') }
-  let(:user_without_otp_secret) { Fabricate(:user, email: 'local-part@domain') }
 
   shared_examples 'renders :new' do
     it 'renders the new view' do
@@ -20,87 +18,101 @@ describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthentication::ConfirmationsController do
     end
   end
 
-  describe 'GET #new' do
-    context 'when signed in' do
-      subject do
-        sign_in user, scope: :user
-        get :new, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
-      end
+  [true, false].each do |with_otp_secret|
+    let(:user) { Fabricate(:user, email: 'local-part@domain', otp_secret: with_otp_secret ? 'oldotpsecret' : nil) }
 
-      include_examples 'renders :new'
-    end
+    describe 'GET #new' do
+      context 'when signed in and a new otp secret has been setted in the session' do
+        subject do
+          sign_in user, scope: :user
+          get :new, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc, new_otp_secret: 'thisisasecretforthespecofnewview' }
+        end
 
-    it 'redirects if not signed in' do
-      get :new
-      expect(response).to redirect_to('/auth/sign_in')
-    end
+        include_examples 'renders :new'
+      end
 
-    it 'redirects if user do not have otp_secret' do
-      sign_in user_without_otp_secret, scope: :user
-      get :new, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
-      expect(response).to redirect_to('/settings/two_factor_authentication')
-    end
-  end
+      it 'redirects if not signed in' do
+        get :new
+        expect(response).to redirect_to('/auth/sign_in')
+      end
 
-  describe 'POST #create' do
-    context 'when signed in' do
-      before do
+      it 'redirects if a new otp_secret has not been setted in the session' do
         sign_in user, scope: :user
+        get :new, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
+        expect(response).to redirect_to('/settings/otp_authentication')
       end
+    end
 
-      describe 'when form_two_factor_confirmation parameter is not provided' do
-        it 'raises ActionController::ParameterMissing' do
-          post :create, params: {}, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
-          expect(response).to have_http_status(400)
+    describe 'POST #create' do
+      context 'when signed in' do
+        before do
+          sign_in user, scope: :user
         end
-      end
 
-      describe 'when creation succeeds' do
-        it 'renders page with success' do
-          otp_backup_codes = user.generate_otp_backup_codes!
-          expect_any_instance_of(User).to receive(:generate_otp_backup_codes!) do |value|
-            expect(value).to eq user
-            otp_backup_codes
-          end
-          expect_any_instance_of(User).to receive(:validate_and_consume_otp!) do |value, arg|
-            expect(value).to eq user
-            expect(arg).to eq '123456'
-            true
+        describe 'when form_two_factor_confirmation parameter is not provided' do
+          it 'raises ActionController::ParameterMissing' do
+            post :create, params: {}, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc, new_otp_secret: 'thisisasecretforthespecofnewview' }
+            expect(response).to have_http_status(400)
           end
+        end
 
-          post :create, params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '123456' } }, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
-
-          expect(assigns(:recovery_codes)).to eq otp_backup_codes
-          expect(flash[:notice]).to eq 'Two-factor authentication successfully enabled'
-          expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
-          expect(response).to render_template('settings/two_factor_authentication/recovery_codes/index')
+        describe 'when creation succeeds' do
+          it 'renders page with success' do
+            otp_backup_codes = user.generate_otp_backup_codes!
+            expect_any_instance_of(User).to receive(:generate_otp_backup_codes!) do |value|
+              expect(value).to eq user
+              otp_backup_codes
+            end
+            expect_any_instance_of(User).to receive(:validate_and_consume_otp!) do |value, code, options|
+              expect(value).to eq user
+              expect(code).to eq '123456'
+              expect(options).to eq({ otp_secret: 'thisisasecretforthespecofnewview' })
+              true
+            end
+
+            expect do
+              post :create,
+                   params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '123456' } },
+                   session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc, new_otp_secret: 'thisisasecretforthespecofnewview' }
+            end.to change { user.reload.otp_secret }.to 'thisisasecretforthespecofnewview'
+
+            expect(assigns(:recovery_codes)).to eq otp_backup_codes
+            expect(flash[:notice]).to eq 'Two-factor authentication successfully enabled'
+            expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
+            expect(response).to render_template('settings/two_factor_authentication/recovery_codes/index')
+          end
         end
-      end
 
-      describe 'when creation fails' do
-        subject do
-          expect_any_instance_of(User).to receive(:validate_and_consume_otp!) do |value, arg|
-            expect(value).to eq user
-            expect(arg).to eq '123456'
-            false
+        describe 'when creation fails' do
+          subject do
+            expect_any_instance_of(User).to receive(:validate_and_consume_otp!) do |value, code, options|
+              expect(value).to eq user
+              expect(code).to eq '123456'
+              expect(options).to eq({ otp_secret: 'thisisasecretforthespecofnewview' })
+              false
+            end
+
+            expect do
+              post :create,
+                   params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '123456' } },
+                   session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc, new_otp_secret: 'thisisasecretforthespecofnewview' }
+            end.to not_change { user.reload.otp_secret }
           end
 
-          post :create, params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '123456' } }, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
-        end
+          it 'renders the new view' do
+            subject
+            expect(response.body).to include 'The entered code was invalid! Are server time and device time correct?'
+          end
 
-        it 'renders the new view' do
-          subject
-          expect(response.body).to include 'The entered code was invalid! Are server time and device time correct?'
+          include_examples 'renders :new'
         end
-
-        include_examples 'renders :new'
       end
-    end
 
-    context 'when not signed in' do
-      it 'redirects if not signed in' do
-        post :create, params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '123456' } }
-        expect(response).to redirect_to('/auth/sign_in')
+      context 'when not signed in' do
+        it 'redirects if not signed in' do
+          post :create, params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '123456' } }
+          expect(response).to redirect_to('/auth/sign_in')
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/otp_authentication_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/otp_authentication_controller_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..17e8fa9b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/otp_authentication_controller_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthentication::OtpAuthenticationController do
+  render_views
+
+  let(:user) { Fabricate(:user) }
+
+  describe 'GET #show' do
+    context 'when signed in' do
+      before do
+        sign_in user, scope: :user
+      end
+
+      describe 'when user has OTP enabled' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
+        end
+
+        it 'redirects to two factor authentciation methods list page' do
+          get :show
+
+          expect(response).to redirect_to settings_two_factor_authentication_methods_path
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe 'when user does not have OTP enabled' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: false)
+        end
+
+        it 'returns http success' do
+          get :show
+
+          expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when not signed in' do
+      it 'redirects' do
+        get :show
+
+        expect(response).to redirect_to new_user_session_path
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'POST #create' do
+    context 'when signed in' do
+      before do
+        sign_in user, scope: :user
+      end
+
+      describe 'when user has OTP enabled' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
+        end
+
+        describe 'when creation succeeds' do
+          it 'redirects to code confirmation page without updating user secret and setting otp secret in the session' do
+            expect do
+              post :create, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
+            end.to not_change { user.reload.otp_secret }
+               .and change { session[:new_otp_secret] }
+
+            expect(response).to redirect_to(new_settings_two_factor_authentication_confirmation_path)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe 'when user does not have OTP enabled' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: false)
+        end
+
+        describe 'when creation succeeds' do
+          it 'redirects to code confirmation page without updating user secret and setting otp secret in the session' do
+            expect do
+              post :create, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
+            end.to not_change { user.reload.otp_secret }
+               .and change { session[:new_otp_secret] }
+
+            expect(response).to redirect_to(new_settings_two_factor_authentication_confirmation_path)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when not signed in' do
+      it 'redirects to login' do
+        get :show
+
+        expect(response).to redirect_to new_user_session_path
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/webauthn_credentials_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/webauthn_credentials_controller_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fe53b4dfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication/webauthn_credentials_controller_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'rails_helper'
+require 'webauthn/fake_client'
+
+describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthentication::WebauthnCredentialsController do
+  render_views
+
+  let(:user) { Fabricate(:user) }
+  let(:domain) { "#{Rails.configuration.x.use_https ? 'https' : 'http' }://#{Rails.configuration.x.web_domain}" }
+  let(:fake_client) { WebAuthn::FakeClient.new(domain) }
+
+  def add_webauthn_credential(user)
+    Fabricate(:webauthn_credential, user_id: user.id, nickname: 'USB Key')
+  end
+
+  describe 'GET #new' do
+    context 'when signed in' do
+      before do
+        sign_in user, scope: :user
+      end
+
+      context 'when user has otp enabled' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
+        end
+
+        it 'returns http success' do
+          get :new
+
+          expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when user does not have otp enabled' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: false)
+        end
+
+        it 'requires otp enabled first' do
+          get :new
+
+          expect(response).to redirect_to settings_two_factor_authentication_methods_path
+          expect(flash[:error]).to be_present
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'GET #index' do
+    context 'when signed in' do
+      before do
+        sign_in user, scope: :user
+      end
+
+      context 'when user has otp enabled' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
+        end
+
+        context 'when user has webauthn enabled' do
+          before do
+            user.update(webauthn_id: WebAuthn.generate_user_id)
+            add_webauthn_credential(user)
+          end
+
+          it 'returns http success' do
+            get :index
+
+            expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
+          end
+        end
+
+        context 'when user does not has webauthn enabled' do
+          it 'redirects to 2FA methods list page' do
+            get :index
+
+            expect(response).to redirect_to settings_two_factor_authentication_methods_path
+            expect(flash[:error]).to be_present
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when user does not have otp enabled' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: false)
+        end
+
+        it 'requires otp enabled first' do
+          get :index
+
+          expect(response).to redirect_to settings_two_factor_authentication_methods_path
+          expect(flash[:error]).to be_present
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when not signed in' do
+      it 'redirects to login' do
+        delete :index
+
+        expect(response).to redirect_to new_user_session_path
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'GET /options #options' do
+    context 'when signed in' do
+      before do
+        sign_in user, scope: :user
+      end
+
+      context 'when user has otp enabled' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
+        end
+
+        context 'when user has webauthn enabled' do
+          before do
+            user.update(webauthn_id: WebAuthn.generate_user_id)
+            add_webauthn_credential(user)
+          end
+
+          it 'returns http success' do
+            get :options
+
+            expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
+          end
+
+          it 'stores the challenge on the session' do
+            get :options
+
+            expect(@controller.session[:webauthn_challenge]).to be_present
+          end
+
+          it 'does not change webauthn_id' do
+            expect { get :options }.to_not change { user.webauthn_id }
+          end
+
+          it "includes existing credentials in list of excluded credentials" do
+            get :options
+
+            excluded_credentials_ids = JSON.parse(response.body)['excludeCredentials'].map { |credential| credential['id'] }
+            expect(excluded_credentials_ids).to match_array(user.webauthn_credentials.pluck(:external_id))
+          end
+        end
+
+        context 'when user does not have webauthn enabled' do
+          it 'returns http success' do
+            get :options
+
+            expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
+          end
+
+          it 'stores the challenge on the session' do
+            get :options
+
+            expect(@controller.session[:webauthn_challenge]).to be_present
+          end
+
+          it 'sets user webauthn_id' do
+            get :options
+
+            expect(user.reload.webauthn_id).to be_present
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when user has not enabled otp' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: false)
+        end
+
+        it 'requires otp enabled first' do
+          get :options
+
+          expect(response).to redirect_to settings_two_factor_authentication_methods_path
+          expect(flash[:error]).to be_present
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when not signed in' do
+      it 'redirects to login' do
+        get :options
+
+        expect(response).to redirect_to new_user_session_path
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'POST #create' do
+    let(:nickname) { 'SecurityKeyNickname' }
+
+    let(:challenge) do
+      WebAuthn::Credential.options_for_create(
+        user: { id: user.id, name: user.account.username, display_name: user.account.display_name }
+      ).challenge
+    end
+
+    let(:new_webauthn_credential) { fake_client.create(challenge: challenge) }
+
+    context 'when signed in' do
+      before do
+        sign_in user, scope: :user
+      end
+
+      context 'when user has enabled otp' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
+        end
+
+        context 'when user has enabled webauthn' do
+          before do
+            user.update(webauthn_id: WebAuthn.generate_user_id)
+            add_webauthn_credential(user)
+          end
+
+          context 'when creation succeeds' do
+            it 'returns http success' do
+              @controller.session[:webauthn_challenge] = challenge
+
+              post :create, params: { credential: new_webauthn_credential, nickname: nickname }
+
+              expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
+            end
+
+            it 'adds a new credential to user credentials' do
+              @controller.session[:webauthn_challenge] = challenge
+
+              expect do
+                post :create, params: { credential: new_webauthn_credential, nickname: nickname }
+              end.to change { user.webauthn_credentials.count }.by(1)
+            end
+
+            it 'does not change webauthn_id' do
+              @controller.session[:webauthn_challenge] = challenge
+
+              expect do
+                post :create, params: { credential: new_webauthn_credential, nickname: nickname }
+              end.to_not change { user.webauthn_id }
+            end
+          end
+
+          context 'when the nickname is already used' do
+            it 'fails' do
+              @controller.session[:webauthn_challenge] = challenge
+
+              post :create, params: { credential: new_webauthn_credential, nickname: 'USB Key' }
+
+              expect(response).to have_http_status(500)
+              expect(flash[:error]).to be_present
+            end
+          end
+
+          context 'when the credential already exists' do
+            before do
+              user2 = Fabricate(:user)
+              public_key_credential = WebAuthn::Credential.from_create(new_webauthn_credential)
+              Fabricate(:webauthn_credential,
+                        user_id: user2.id,
+                        external_id: public_key_credential.id,
+                        public_key: public_key_credential.public_key)
+            end
+
+            it 'fails' do
+              @controller.session[:webauthn_challenge] = challenge
+
+              post :create, params: { credential: new_webauthn_credential, nickname: nickname }
+
+              expect(response).to have_http_status(500)
+              expect(flash[:error]).to be_present
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        context 'when user have not enabled webauthn' do
+          context 'creation succeeds' do
+            it 'creates a webauthn credential' do
+              @controller.session[:webauthn_challenge] = challenge
+
+              expect do
+                post :create, params: { credential: new_webauthn_credential, nickname: nickname }
+              end.to change { user.webauthn_credentials.count }.by(1)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when user has not enabled otp' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: false)
+        end
+
+        it 'requires otp enabled first' do
+          post :create, params: { credential: new_webauthn_credential, nickname: nickname }
+
+          expect(response).to redirect_to settings_two_factor_authentication_methods_path
+          expect(flash[:error]).to be_present
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when not signed in' do
+      it 'redirects to login' do
+        post :create, params: { credential: new_webauthn_credential, nickname: nickname }
+
+        expect(response).to redirect_to new_user_session_path
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'DELETE #destroy' do
+    context 'when signed in' do
+      before do
+        sign_in user, scope: :user
+      end
+
+      context 'when user has otp enabled' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
+        end
+
+        context 'when user has webauthn enabled' do
+          before do
+            user.update(webauthn_id: WebAuthn.generate_user_id)
+            add_webauthn_credential(user)
+          end
+
+          context 'when deletion succeeds' do
+            it 'redirects to 2FA methods list and shows flash success' do
+              delete :destroy, params: { id: user.webauthn_credentials.take.id }
+
+              expect(response).to redirect_to settings_two_factor_authentication_methods_path
+              expect(flash[:success]).to be_present
+            end
+
+            it 'deletes the credential' do
+              expect do
+                delete :destroy, params: { id: user.webauthn_credentials.take.id }
+              end.to change { user.webauthn_credentials.count }.by(-1)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        context 'when user does not have webauthn enabled' do
+          it 'redirects to 2FA methods list and shows flash error' do
+            delete :destroy, params: { id: '1' }
+
+            expect(response).to redirect_to settings_two_factor_authentication_methods_path
+            expect(flash[:error]).to be_present
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when user does not have otp enabled' do
+        it 'requires otp enabled first' do
+          delete :destroy, params: { id: '1' }
+
+          expect(response).to redirect_to settings_two_factor_authentication_methods_path
+          expect(flash[:error]).to be_present
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when not signed in' do
+      it 'redirects to login' do
+        delete :destroy, params: { id: '1' }
+
+        expect(response).to redirect_to new_user_session_path
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication_methods_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication_methods_controller_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..66ffe89f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentication_methods_controller_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthenticationMethodsController do
+  render_views
+
+  let(:user) { Fabricate(:user) }
+
+  describe 'GET #index' do
+    context 'when signed in' do
+      before do
+        sign_in user, scope: :user
+      end
+
+      describe 'when user has enabled otp' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
+        end
+
+        it 'returns http success' do
+          get :index
+
+          expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
+        end
+      end
+
+      describe 'when user has not enabled otp' do
+        before do
+          user.update(otp_required_for_login: false)
+        end
+
+        it 'redirects to enable otp' do
+          get :index
+
+          expect(response).to redirect_to(settings_otp_authentication_path)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when not signed in' do
+      it 'redirects' do
+        get :index
+
+        expect(response).to redirect_to '/auth/sign_in'
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentications_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentications_controller_spec.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9df9763fd..000000000
--- a/spec/controllers/settings/two_factor_authentications_controller_spec.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,125 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'rails_helper'
-
-describe Settings::TwoFactorAuthenticationsController do
-  render_views
-
-  let(:user) { Fabricate(:user) }
-
-  describe 'GET #show' do
-    context 'when signed in' do
-      before do
-        sign_in user, scope: :user
-      end
-
-      describe 'when user requires otp for login already' do
-        it 'returns http success' do
-          user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
-          get :show
-
-          expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
-        end
-      end
-
-      describe 'when user does not require otp for login' do
-        it 'returns http success' do
-          user.update(otp_required_for_login: false)
-          get :show
-
-          expect(response).to have_http_status(200)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    context 'when not signed in' do
-      it 'redirects' do
-        get :show
-        expect(response).to redirect_to '/auth/sign_in'
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  describe 'POST #create' do
-    context 'when signed in' do
-      before do
-        sign_in user, scope: :user
-      end
-
-      describe 'when user requires otp for login already' do
-        it 'redirects to show page' do
-          user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
-          post :create
-
-          expect(response).to redirect_to(settings_two_factor_authentication_path)
-        end
-      end
-
-      describe 'when creation succeeds' do
-        it 'updates user secret' do
-          before = user.otp_secret
-          post :create, session: { challenge_passed_at: Time.now.utc }
-
-          expect(user.reload.otp_secret).not_to eq(before)
-          expect(response).to redirect_to(new_settings_two_factor_authentication_confirmation_path)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    context 'when not signed in' do
-      it 'redirects' do
-        get :show
-        expect(response).to redirect_to '/auth/sign_in'
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  describe 'POST #destroy' do
-    before do
-      user.update(otp_required_for_login: true)
-    end
-
-    context 'when signed in' do
-      before do
-        sign_in user, scope: :user
-      end
-
-      it 'turns off otp requirement with correct code' do
-        expect_any_instance_of(User).to receive(:validate_and_consume_otp!) do |value, arg|
-          expect(value).to eq user
-          expect(arg).to eq '123456'
-          true
-        end
-
-        post :destroy, params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '123456' } }
-
-        expect(response).to redirect_to(settings_two_factor_authentication_path)
-        user.reload
-        expect(user.otp_required_for_login).to eq(false)
-      end
-
-      it 'does not turn off otp if code is incorrect' do
-        expect_any_instance_of(User).to receive(:validate_and_consume_otp!) do |value, arg|
-          expect(value).to eq user
-          expect(arg).to eq '057772'
-          false
-        end
-
-        post :destroy, params: { form_two_factor_confirmation: { otp_attempt: '057772' } }
-
-        user.reload
-        expect(user.otp_required_for_login).to eq(true)
-      end
-
-      it 'raises ActionController::ParameterMissing if code is missing' do
-        post :destroy
-        expect(response).to have_http_status(400)
-      end
-    end
-
-    it 'redirects if not signed in' do
-      get :show
-      expect(response).to redirect_to '/auth/sign_in'
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/spec/fabricators/webauthn_credential_fabricator.rb b/spec/fabricators/webauthn_credential_fabricator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..496a7a735
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/fabricators/webauthn_credential_fabricator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Fabricator(:webauthn_credential) do
+  user_id { Fabricate(:user).id }
+  external_id { Base64.urlsafe_encode64(SecureRandom.random_bytes(16)) }
+  public_key { OpenSSL::PKey::EC.new("prime256v1").generate_key.public_key }
+  nickname 'USB key'
+  sign_count 0
+end
diff --git a/spec/models/user_spec.rb b/spec/models/user_spec.rb
index 5686ec909..cded4c99b 100644
--- a/spec/models/user_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/user_spec.rb
@@ -151,6 +151,12 @@ RSpec.describe User, type: :model do
       expect(user.reload.otp_required_for_login).to be false
     end
 
+    it 'saves nil for otp_secret' do
+      user = Fabricate.build(:user, otp_secret: 'oldotpcode')
+      user.disable_two_factor!
+      expect(user.reload.otp_secret).to be nil
+    end
+
     it 'saves cleared otp_backup_codes' do
       user = Fabricate.build(:user, otp_backup_codes: %w(dummy dummy))
       user.disable_two_factor!
diff --git a/spec/models/webauthn_credentials_spec.rb b/spec/models/webauthn_credentials_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9289c371e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/models/webauthn_credentials_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe WebauthnCredential, type: :model do
+  describe 'validations' do
+    it 'is invalid without an external id' do
+      webauthn_credential = Fabricate.build(:webauthn_credential, external_id: nil)
+
+      webauthn_credential.valid?
+
+      expect(webauthn_credential).to model_have_error_on_field(:external_id)
+    end
+
+    it 'is invalid without a public key' do
+      webauthn_credential = Fabricate.build(:webauthn_credential, public_key: nil)
+
+      webauthn_credential.valid?
+
+      expect(webauthn_credential).to model_have_error_on_field(:public_key)
+    end
+
+    it 'is invalid without a nickname' do
+      webauthn_credential = Fabricate.build(:webauthn_credential, nickname: nil)
+
+      webauthn_credential.valid?
+
+      expect(webauthn_credential).to model_have_error_on_field(:nickname)
+    end
+
+    it 'is invalid without a sign_count' do
+      webauthn_credential = Fabricate.build(:webauthn_credential, sign_count: nil)
+
+      webauthn_credential.valid?
+
+      expect(webauthn_credential).to model_have_error_on_field(:sign_count)
+    end
+
+    it 'is invalid if already exist a webauthn credential with the same external id' do
+      existing_webauthn_credential = Fabricate(:webauthn_credential, external_id: "_Typ0ygudDnk9YUVWLQayw")
+      new_webauthn_credential = Fabricate.build(:webauthn_credential, external_id: "_Typ0ygudDnk9YUVWLQayw")
+
+      new_webauthn_credential.valid?
+
+      expect(new_webauthn_credential).to model_have_error_on_field(:external_id)
+    end
+
+    it 'is invalid if user already registered a webauthn credential with the same nickname' do
+      user = Fabricate(:user)
+      existing_webauthn_credential = Fabricate(:webauthn_credential, user_id: user.id, nickname: 'USB Key')
+      new_webauthn_credential = Fabricate.build(:webauthn_credential, user_id: user.id, nickname: 'USB Key')
+
+      new_webauthn_credential.valid?
+
+      expect(new_webauthn_credential).to model_have_error_on_field(:nickname)
+    end
+
+    it 'is invalid if sign_count is not a number' do
+      webauthn_credential = Fabricate.build(:webauthn_credential, sign_count: 'invalid sign_count')
+
+      webauthn_credential.valid?
+
+      expect(webauthn_credential).to model_have_error_on_field(:sign_count)
+    end
+
+    it 'is invalid if sign_count is negative number' do
+      webauthn_credential = Fabricate.build(:webauthn_credential, sign_count: -1)
+
+      webauthn_credential.valid?
+
+      expect(webauthn_credential).to model_have_error_on_field(:sign_count)
+    end
+
+    it 'is invalid if sign_count is greater 2**32 - 1' do
+      webauthn_credential = Fabricate.build(:webauthn_credential, sign_count: 2**32)
+
+      webauthn_credential.valid?
+
+      expect(webauthn_credential).to model_have_error_on_field(:sign_count)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/rails_helper.rb b/spec/rails_helper.rb
index 40ddf1f95..86c2a9c52 100644
--- a/spec/rails_helper.rb
+++ b/spec/rails_helper.rb
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ RSpec::Sidekiq.configure do |config|
   config.warn_when_jobs_not_processed_by_sidekiq = false
 end
 
+RSpec::Matchers.define_negated_matcher :not_change, :change
+
 def request_fixture(name)
   File.read(Rails.root.join('spec', 'fixtures', 'requests', name))
 end